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恩格斯全世界無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)和勞動(dòng)人民的偉大導(dǎo)師和領(lǐng)袖、馬克思主義創(chuàng)始人之一

弗里德里希·恩格斯（德語(yǔ)：Friedrich Engels，1820年11月28日－1895年8月5日），德國(guó)思想家、哲學(xué)家、革命家、教育家、軍事理論家，是全世界無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)和勞動(dòng)人民的偉大導(dǎo)師和領(lǐng)袖、馬克思主義創(chuàng)始人之一。

人們生產(chǎn)生活資料的方式首先取決于他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并必須再生產(chǎn)的實(shí)際手段的性質(zhì)。

The way in which men produce their means of subsistence depends first of all on the nature of the actual means they find in existence and have to reproduce.

恩格斯

是人創(chuàng)造了宗教，而非宗教創(chuàng)造了人。

Man makes religion; religion does not make man.

恩格斯

社會(huì)進(jìn)步可以通過(guò)女性的社會(huì)地位來(lái)衡量。

Social progress can be measured by the social position of the female sex.

恩格斯

勞動(dòng)是一切財(cái)富和一切文化的源泉。

Labor is the source of all wealth and all culture.

恩格斯

共產(chǎn)主義的理論可以用一句話(huà)概括：廢除一切私有制。

The theory of Communism may be summed up in one sentence: Abolish all private property.

恩格斯

無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)是普遍的階級(jí)，他們的根本鎖鏈?zhǔn)强梢云屏训碾A級(jí)。

The proletariat is the universal class, the class whose radical chains are capable of bursting asunder.

恩格斯

人民幸福的首要條件是廢除宗教。

The first requisite of the happiness of the people is the abolition of religion.

恩格斯

隨著勞動(dòng)分工和機(jī)械應(yīng)用的擴(kuò)大，工人之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇，他們的工資也越來(lái)越低。

The more the division of labor and the application of machinery extend, the more does competition extend among the workers, the more do their wages shrink together.

恩格斯

國(guó)家不過(guò)是一個(gè)階級(jí)對(duì)另一個(gè)階級(jí)進(jìn)行壓迫的機(jī)器。

The state is nothing but a machine for the oppression of one class by another.

恩格斯

當(dāng)思想掌握了群眾，它就成為一種物質(zhì)力量。

Ideas become a material force when they grip the masses.

恩格斯

每個(gè)時(shí)代的統(tǒng)治思想總是統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的思想。

The ruling ideas of each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling class.

恩格斯

一切迄今為止社會(huì)的歷史都是階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)的歷史。

The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.

恩格斯

自由是對(duì)必然性的認(rèn)知。

Freedom is the recognition of necessity.

恩格斯

The proletarian movement is the self-conscious, independent movement of the immense majority, in the interest of the immense majority.

無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)是廣大多數(shù)人的自覺(jué)、獨(dú)立的運(yùn)動(dòng)，是為了廣大多數(shù)人的利益。

恩格斯

Freedom does not consist in any dreamt-of independence from natural laws, but in the knowledge of these laws, and in the possibility this gives of systematically making them work towards definite ends.

自由并非存在于對(duì)自然法則的夢(mèng)幻般的獨(dú)立之中，而是存在于對(duì)這些法則的認(rèn)知中，以及由此產(chǎn)生的有系統(tǒng)地使它們朝著明確目標(biāo)發(fā)展的可能性中。

恩格斯

The state, therefore, has not existed from all eternity. There have been societies that did without it, that had no notion of the state or state power. At a certain stage of economic development, which was necessarily bound up with the split of society into classes, the state became a necessity.

因此，國(guó)家并非自古以來(lái)就存在。曾經(jīng)有一些社會(huì)沒(méi)有國(guó)家，對(duì)國(guó)家或國(guó)家權(quán)力毫無(wú)概念。在一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展階段，這必然與社會(huì)分裂成階級(jí)有關(guān)，國(guó)家變成了一種必要性。

恩格斯

The ruling class has the means of material production at its disposal; the proletariat has nothing but their labor power.

統(tǒng)治階級(jí)掌握著物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)的手段；無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)僅有的是他們的勞動(dòng)力。

恩格斯